Spinal hernia
A hernia is a bluge in an intervertebral disc. This bulge presses against the sciatic nerve, causing pain and loss of the nerve.
Neck hernia
A neck hernia is a bulge of an intervertebral disc that presses on a nerve that runs to the arm. This can cause radiating pain.
Spinal instability
Spinal instability is caused by wear and tear of the intervertebral disc, joints and connective tissue bands. This causes back and leg pain.
Lumbar spinal stenosis
A narrowing of the canal in the lower back is caused by wear and tear on the spine. The space for the nerve becomes smaller due to thickening of bands.
Cervical spinal stenosis
A narrowing of the canal in the neck is caused by wear and tear. In response to the wear and tear, the vertebral bone thickens, leaving less room for the nerve.
